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Background: Adverse reaction's reported after COVID 19 vaccination had a negative impact on public opinion. These adverse reactions may be or may be not be mediated by hypersensibility reactions. The proper assesment and the manegament of adverse reactions are crucial in order to offer a safer inmunitation and also to reduce the misinformation and the growing rejection to COVID 19 vaccination. Objective(s): To describe clinical characteristics and the allergological study done in different patients who had an adverse event right after COVID 19 vaccine administration Method: Descriptive study in patients who have experienced an adverse event after one single dose of the SARS CoV2's vaccine. Sex, age, atopy, drug allergies, anaphylaxis reaction (according to EEACI), syntoms, timing, vaccine and dose are described on this study. Skin test were done in every patient (Prick-Test and intradermo reaction) with ARN vaccine samples (Pfizer and Moderna), Adenovirus vaccine extract (Astrazeneca) and a battery of excipients (Polietilenglicol, Polisorbato80 and Trometamol). Result(s): The study included 44 patients with an average of 48,76 +/- 12,23 years, (93% women-29% atopic). 29% of the patients reported to be allergic to other drugs (AINES especially). The most frequent reaction according to EEACI anaphilaxy's classification was Grade 1 with a 61%. Grade 2: 18%, Grade 3: 21%. Urticaria and/or angioedema were the most frequent syntoms (60%) followed by disnea (20%) and being late syntoms (50%) the most usual ones. Pfizer was the most implicated vaccine (64%) with the first dose (84%). Skin tests with Polietilenglicol, Trometamol and Polisorbato80 at different concentrations were negative in all patients but two, one positive to Polisorbato80 0.004mg/ml with a previous sensitization to Prontosan (contains Polisorbato) and another one positive to Trometamol 0.1mg/ml. Conclusion(s): Allergists play a main role to offer the maximum befenits to their patients and to improve the vaccine's safety. Skin tests were the most efective tool to diagnose hypersensibility reactions. The 93,17% of the patients with a negative test result tolerated the second dose. The others did not get the second dose due to their own will. Avoiding the COVID 19 vaccine was recommended in those patients with a hypersensibility to the vaccine components diagnose.
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Background and Importance Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (PAXLOVID) is a recently approved drug to prevent progression in high-risk COVID-19-infected patients. Aim and Objectives To evaluate prescribing and dispensing of PAXLOVID and the proportion of patients with hospitalisation or death from any cause at 28 day. Material and Methods Descriptive, retrospective, observational study carried out between May and August 2022 in a secondlevel hospital. All patients with PAXLOVID prescription were selected. Sources of information were: electronic medical records and the prescription programme. The Variables analysed were: sex, age, risk factors, indications, interactions, dispensation (yes/no) and final treatment received. Risk factors were evaluated with our country's drug regulatory agency (DRA) recommendations to assesed the indication. Efficacy was assessed by the proportion of patients admitted to hospital and 28-day mortality. Results PAXLOVID was prescribed to 34 patients, 14 (41.2%) were women. The median age was 76.3 years old [RIQ 25.4]. Main indications for PAXLOVID were: to be undergoing treatment with myelotoxic chemotherapy (32.3%), corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants (29.4%);being over 80 years of age and presenting specific Risk factors (14.7%) and primary immunodeficiency (5.8%). 21 patients (61.8%) had some relevant interaction with their usual medication. The most frequent interactions were with statins (23.5%), analgesics (20.6%), oral anticoagulants (12%), antiarrhythmics (8.8%), antiplatelet drugs (5.8%), antidepressants (5.8%) and antidiarrhoeals (5.8%). After Validation by the Pharmacy Service, 11 patients (32.4%) did not receive PAXLOVID, 5 because they did not meet DRA criteria, 2 because their glomerular filtration rate was less than 30 ml/min and 4 because they had incompatible interactions. 4 patients finally received 3 days-remdesivir. Among patients who received PAXLOVID, 82.26% received full doses, with 4 patients (11.76%) requiring adjustment for renal impairment. 3 patients (13%) were hospitalised in the first month, none died. Conclusion and Relevance The main indications for which PAXLOVID was prescribed were patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or immunosuppressive treatments. Interactions with PAXLOVID were frequent and in some cases limited treatment. Validation by Pharmacy Service prevented a considerable number of patients from receiving PAXLOVID when it was no-indicated or when they had insurmountable interactions, also allowed patients to receive the dose adjusted for renal impairment. PAXLOVID was effective in avoiding hospital admission and mortality in the majority of patients.
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Since the emergence of global epidemics such as SARS-CoV-2, H1N1, SARS and MERS, a wide range of systems for measuring temperature have been developed based on computer vision to reduce and prevent the virus contagious. By implementing a Raspberry-based Low-resolution embedded system based and a FLIR Lepton® sensor human body temperature is measured and improved by four different algorithms implemented. Firstly, three traditional time-series processes solving such as, Simple Mean (SM), Simple Moving Average (SMA), and Multi Lineal Regression (MLR), and secondly, and online filter-based Kalman predictor were implemented to increase the signal to noise ratio of the acquired temperature magnitude. Results of average prediction for different benchmarks demonstrate the best performance of Kalman Filter upon traditional processes. In addition, this algorithm achieves to smooth output temperature with fewer samples (∼10% of total samples) in comparison MLR and SMA. Finally, Raspberry-based Low-resolution Thermal image system is a feasible tool as a high-speed temperature estimator, by implementation of algorithms codified in Python language. © 2022 IEEE.
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Background: Bernard Soulier Syndrome (BSS) and Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (GT) patients present frequent and relevant bleeding complications due to remarkable platelet dysfunction, while thrombotic events are very rare. Aim(s): To report thrombotic events and their management in two unrelated patients with BSS and GT. Method(s): We reviewed clinical records of two unrelated sibling pairs of the Spanish Project of Inherited Platelet Disorders. Cases A1 (female, 61 yr) and A2 (male, 59 yr) were diagnosedwith BSS due to the homozygous GP9 variant c.182A > G [p.Asn61Ser]. Cases B1 (female, 23 yr) and B2 (male, 16 yr) had type II GT caused by homozygous ITGA2B variant c.2113 T > C [p.Cys705Arg]). Result(s): Mucocutaneous bleeding is the lifelong relevant, almost exclusive, clinical feature in A1 (ISTH-BAT = 12) and B1 (ISTH-BAT = 4), while less severe in A2 (ISTH-BAT = 2) and B2 (ISTH-BAT = 2). Case A2, at age of 58 yr, was admitted at the hospital due to angor pectoris and underwent coronary angiography revealing severe disease in right and circumflex coronary arteries. Percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCA) was performed with implantation of five drug-eluting stent (DES). He was discharged on standard aspirin and clopidogrel treatment. Case B1, was admitted to hospital at age 21 for dyspnea and fever. Laboratory findings showed low hemoglobin and elevated D-Dimer. Computerized tomographic pulmonary angiography showed lingular artery thrombosis. She was withdrawn from oral contraceptives and started full dose LMWH which lasted 5 months. Thrombophilia studies (antithrombin, proteins C and S, lupus anticoagulant and cardiolipin antibodies, FV Leiden and G20210 prothrombin) were negative. Two months after the thrombotic episode she was diagnosed with uncomplicated SARS-Cov- 2 infection. Conclusion(s): These patients illustrate that platelet dysfunction in BSS and GT does not exclude for thrombotic complications, which may be triggered by individual genetic and environmental factors, requiring individualized antithrombotic treatment.
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Results from internal assessments show that passing rates in introductory courses as well as retention rates of first-year students in the College of Engineering and Computer Science at The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, a predominantly Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI), significantly dropped with the advent of COVID-19. Such results and trends provide an overall perspective on the academic preparation of incoming students. There is a high concern that the necessary skill set (e.g., adaptability, persistence, and performance) of the new cohort, who are primarily underrepresented Hispanics from underserved and challenged communities from the Rio Grande Valley, is not optimal for the rigor of engineering education. To this end, an onboarding bootcamp for incoming and transfer students was created to bridge the transition from secondary education to higher education by priming students to overcome academic deficiencies, develop a critical skills portfolio, learn problem-solving techniques, build a sustainable community of mentoring support with faculty and students, and provide a template to sustain academic and professional success during their undergraduate education. This research-to-practice paper presents the bootcamps' design process steps: curricular analysis, identification of areas of opportunities, skills inventory, and blueprinting process, as well as its initial implementation in the mechanical engineering program. In this regard, the bootcamp was organized over a week span with hands-on engineering activities, faculty and student talks, and engineering lab tours;and was based on a design thinking approach. Daily activities were structured based on challenge-based instruction, innovation, design, and mentoring, and focused primarily on promoting critical thinking, being assertive in the face of adversity, making informed decisions, and prioritizing tasks. Results indicate that the bootcamp increased student confidence and established a valuable network system amongst other findings. Future work will focus on expanding the bootcamp to include students from other engineering and computer science departments and to offer the template to institutions with similar academic challenges. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022
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The monitoring and control of epidemics is one of the most relevant topics in the field of smart health within smart cities. Smart health take advantage of a new generation of information technologies, such as big data, mobile internet, cloud computing and artificial intelligence, in order to transform the traditional medical system in a comprehensive way, making healthcare more efficient and personalized. From electronic Health records (EHR), diverse information about the epidemiological situation in institutions that provide health services can be extracted. This document describes the development of a platform to carry out the control and monitoring of vaccination process against Covid-19, which is based on cloud data storage technologies and make use of a existing platform designed for the registration of EHR emphasizing on data collection for structuring of epidemiological control strategies. The main goal is to identify and characterize patients who meet the prioritization criteria for Covid-19 vaccination according to stages defined by the Colombia Ministry of Health, execute the geocoding processes and identification of health conditions according to their previous EHR records, in order to accomplish an efficient and intelligent execution, monitoring and control of vaccination that impacts the epidemiological risk mitigation process. At the end of the document is described the use of the developed platform for the monitoring and control of the Covid-19 vaccination process in a Basic Health Services Unit called Medicips, which provides health services to approximately 90,000 people in the city of Santiago de Cali, Colombia. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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The pandemic caused by COVID-19, has achieved the confinement of people around the world, changing many habits and customs. Education is one of the areas where this aspect has caused many changes in the way of studying, mainly in the physical place where the classes are received, in the educational process they went from studying in a classroom to a room in the house And in many cases in the classroom, this new way of studying is causing changes in many aspects, one of the most important and which is the object of this study are changes in the levels of attention provided by students, because they are being affected by agents. distractors such as television, family members among others. The present work focuses on being able to analyze how the concentration and meditation levels are presenting at the time they do their classes, these measurements are made through a brain-computer interface, where the brain signals are recorded and presents concentration and meditation in a range of 0 to 100%, the results show that the children present a low level of concentration at the beginning and at the end of the class sessions, the maximum attention values are presented between 10 to 15 minutes of classes with values above 80%. © 2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org)
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the greatest modern health challenges to date. The administration of COVID-19 vaccines, rapidly and widely across all communities, is key to halting the spread of the virus. One significant challenge in promoting a large-scale immunization program is the threat of vaccine hesitancy, particularly in underrepresented minority communities (URM). Study Objective: This project aimed to assess reasons for local vaccine hesitancy in an urban emergency department (ED) and to provide targeted education on the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines to patients. Methods: An interprofessional team was formed of medical students, physicians, social works, and community outreach coordinators to develop an educational intervention addressing COVID-19 vaccine safety for eligible patients receiving treatment in the ED at a urban academic affiliated community hospital with over 70% of patients coming from underserved URM backgrounds. A survey was conducted to elucidate their concerns surrounding the COVID-19 vaccine. Upon completion of the survey, up-to-date safety information was provided by trained medical students and a follow up survey was conducted to assess for impact of the education. Surveys were developed using standardized scoring systems from the Oxford OCEANS II study and the Kaiser Foundation COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor. Hesitancy scores before and after education delivery were tabulated to assess the impact of the quality improvement education intervention. Results: A convenience sample of 58 subjects (76% URM) cited a variety of concerns surrounding the COVID-19 vaccine. The three most common reasons for declining vaccines were potential side effects (67.3% of respondents said they were concerned to extremely concerned), the concept that COVID-19 vaccines are neither effective nor safe (64.5% said they were concerned to extremely concerned), and the risk of developing COVID-19 infection from vaccine (38.8% said they were concerned to extremely concerned). While this project remains ongoing, this information was used to address these concerns directly with patients, answer questions, clarify information, and encourage patients to get their vaccines. Through the education program, vaccine hesitancy scores improved by an average of 29% indicating an increased likelihood they will get vaccinated in the future. 38% of patients receiving education agreed to sign up for a vaccine appointment during survey interview. Conclusion: The ED often serves vulnerable patient populations. As such, its role in public health in these communities cannot be underestimated. This pilot quality improvement project is a novel method that hospital systems can use to develop and implement public health education programs to address specific community needs through the ED. These results show that ED health care providers have the ability to provide measurable change in attitudes about vaccine safety.
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RATIONALE: Cigarette smoking and sleep quality are known to impact mental health considerably. As nicotine is a primary component of both cigarettes and electronic (e)-cigarettes, we launched a survey-based study in order to study the effects of e-cigarettes, conventional tobacco, and dual usage on mental health as well as sleep quality. We sent out this survey in the time of COVID-19 in order to assess the impact of nicotine-based inhalant use on sleep quality and mental health. We hypothesized that e-cigarette use impacts mental illnesses and sleep quality, which is exacerbated by the presence of additional stress such as a global pandemic. METHODS: We combined our established UCSD Inhalant Questionnaire with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Participants were recruited through online advertisements posted to social media sites including Facebook, Craigslist, Reddit, and Twitter. Participants (n=554) were recruited in April 2020, and a subset (n=217) retook the survey in June 2020. The survey was broken up into four sections - past and current type of inhalant use (UCSD Inhalant Questionnaire), PSQI, HADS, and PHQ-9. All participants were incentivized via a weekly lottery for a gift card. RESULTS: Inhalant users reported worse sleep quality (PSQI, 6.74) when compared to non-smokers/non-vapers (PSQI, 5.72, p=0.02). Higher anxiety scores were associated with worse sleep quality (linear regression, r2=0.28, p<0.001). E-cigarette users and dual users of both e-cigarettes and conventional tobacco had higher anxiety scores (HADS anxiety;12.08 and 11.37, respectively) than non-smokers/non-vapers (7.94, p=0.028). Dual users were found to have higher depression scores relative to controls as well (HADS depression;7.42 versus 4.68, p=0.017). Sleep quality improved during the COVID pandemic from April 2020 (PSQI, 7.92) to June 2020 (PSQI, 6.10, p<0.0001). Interestingly, anxiety scores increased over the same period of time (HADS anxiety, 7.51 to 8.76, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our finding of diminished sleep quality in inhalant users is novel. Based on these data, we speculate that inhalant users may be more susceptible to sleep disturbances in the setting of a stressor, such as a global pandemic. Higher anxiety scores in e-cigarette and dual users, and higher depression scores in dual users, imply a direct relationship between inhalant use and mental disorders. Higher anxiety scores as the pandemic progressed may in theory reflect the lack of having an end in sight, or having loved ones affected by COVID-19.
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Introduction: The acute physiology, age, chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score has been used to assess risk of mortality in admitted intensive care unit (ICU) patients since 1985. There are few examples of a longitudinal correlation over time. As the scores rises from 0 to 71, risk of mortality increases. For this study, other scores were also considered - SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) was excluded due to a lack of variable diversity and small range of values. APACHE III and IV are more complex scores with additional variables, such that calculating daily scores manually was impracticable. APACHE II has consistent calibration compared to III and IV. We assessed whether APACHE III and IV scores had any additional benefit over APACHE II. Methods: APACHE II score was used to determine clinical severity daily of sixteen critically ill COVID-19 patients and compared to daily changes in cytokine levels. If any studies were unavailable for a given day, data was pulled from a maximum of 24 hours before or after the day of interest. Although GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) is a large part of the score, and difficult to assess in an intubated patient, however it contributed to documenting sedation and intubation state. Results: APACHE II score assessed clinical severity daily in COVID-19 more effectively relative to SOFA. The wide score range allowed comparison of patients without overlap, as compared to SOFA which has a range of 0-24. With a larger range of 0-71, we believe that it increased the sensitivity for detection of small changes in clinical status. We analyzed APACHE II in context of absolute neutrophil count, plasma cytokine levels, as well as neutrophil functional studies. For our study, APACHE II, not SOFA, was helpful in demonstrating changes in severity of illness, which correlated with some of these assessments. For example, APACHE II showed a significant linear correlation with pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 in plasma (r2=0.47, p=0.0017;Fig 1). Conclusion: APACHE II was able to define the severity of illness in COVID-19 patients on a daily basis. APACHE II score allowed us to tie immunophenotyping to clinical disease severity over time and was helpful in broadening our approach to data comparison with clinical status. This was a pilot study to assess the ability of APACHE II to track severity of illness, but in the future, we plan to correlate APACHE II in a larger cohort of a variety of ARDS patients.
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Introduction. The pathophysiology of infection with SARS-CoV-2 involves the lower airways and host-launched aggressive inflammatory responses leading to exacerbated lung damage in these vital tissues. Early clinical studies found that COVID-19 patients have higher levels of neutrophils in the circulation. Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in circulation and are known to be highly proinflammatory due to production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis). NETs are web-like chromatin structures coated with histones and proteases that both capture and kill invading pathogens. However, while being an effective countermeasure towards foreign microbes, this process also causes undesirable damage in host tissues. Therefore, we sought to characterize NETosis in circulating neutrophils from COVID-19 patients to determine whether this immunological response might be exacerbating or driving the disease state in COVID-19, rather than mitigating the virus. Methods.Blood was drawn daily from critically ill COVID-19 patients (n=16) after consent was obtained. Healthy controls (n=13) were screened for COVID-19 and gave blood once a week. Blood was drawn into lithium heparin tubes (BD Vacutainer). Neutrophils were isolated using PolymorphprepTM(PROGEN) per manufacturer's instructions. Cells were resuspended at 2x106 cells/ml for functional assays. Neutrophils were stimulated with increasing concentrations of PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) of 2.5nM, 25nM and 250nM to stimulate NETosis via the canonical pathway, and nigericin at 15uM for the non-canonical pathway. NETosis was quantified using the Quant-iT™ PicoGreen™ dsDNA Assay Kit (Invitrogen) and by NET visualization via myeloperoxidase and nuclear staining (using Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-Human Myeloperoxidase by Dako and Hoescht stain by Invitrogen). Results.Functional NETosis assays of circulating neutrophils from COVID-19 patients demonstrate overall increased NETosis determined by increased release of dsDNA. This enhanced NETosis occurred at baseline and after stimulation with PMA when compared to healthy controls (Figure 1A, p <0.0001). Fluorescent microscopy also demonstrated increased NETosis in neutrophils from COVID-19 patients (Figure 1B;MPO-green and nucleus-blue). NETosis via the non-canonical pathway (induction with nigericin) was also increased in COVID-19 patients versus controls (p=0.02). Conclusions.Circulating neutrophils from critically ill COVID-19 patients are more prone to produce NETs than circulating neutrophils from healthy individuals. This is likely to lead to NETmediated tissue injury once neutrophils enter inflamed tissue, where they can potentially drive acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, common causes of mortality in COVID-19. The finding of increased production of NETs by both canonical and non-canonical pathways is consistent with an overall hyper-activated state in COVID-19.
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The often synanthropic long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is listed in Appendix II of CITES and was recently updated to Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. The update was highly anticipated, as it can have wide-reaching implications for long-tailed macaque conservation and trade. Long-tailed macaques have suffered from intensive capture for biomedical research since the 1960s. From 2008-2019, at least 450,000 live long-tailed macaques, and over 700,000 "specimens" from an unknown number of individuals were part of this trade, with over 50,000 termed as wild-caught. These official trade numbers exclude laundering of wild-caught individuals as captive bred, harvesting for breeding center upkeep, their capture for the pet trade, hunting for consumption, and culling due to human-macaque conflicts. With Fooden's population estimate of 3 million long-tailed macaques in Southeast Asia in 2006, this is likely not sustainable. In some areas, they have already been extirpated because of this trade, as detected by a survey of 200 km of suitable habitat in Cambodia in 2008. Long-tailed macaques are one of the most geographically widely dispersed and adaptable primate species. However, their flexibility and preference for the forest edge draws them to anthropogenic habitats, where their visibility results in assumptions of overabundance, as was demonstrated on Java in 2009 and 2017. Long-tailed macaques face many threats, and there is an urgent need for systematic demographic and range surveys across Southeast Asia, as well as investigation into local, regional and national perceptions of long-tailed macaques. Current conservation foci should include dynamic widespread synanthropic species, such as long-tailed macaques, which are often targets of intensive trade and other threats. Insights from such studies may be critical for effective conservation and management in the 21st century. © 2021 Global Wildlife Conservation. All rights reserved.
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The COVID-19 public health issue came to be just another one - albeit not just any other - among the crises of different nature and magnitude that often affect the tourism sector in the Yucatan Peninsula. A number of environmental, economic, political, socio-territorial, commercial, and sanitary vulnerabilities affect the tourism sector in general and the community-based sector in particular. Faced with multiple recurring crises, tourism cooperatives have adopted various strategies to survive during adverse periods. Pluriactivity - a historical cultural response of campesino (peasant) households to eventualities in their productive practices - stands out among such strategies. However, due to the long sector stagnation caused by the health emergency lockdown, community-based tourism businesses have seen their income reduced in more than 50% compared to 2019 and are formulating new responses, as well as resistance mechanisms, to address the dilemma between missing two high-tourism seasons, on the one hand, and avoiding the health risks of their communities and visitors, on the other. Major response strategies adopted by community-based tourism businesses include returning to food self-supply and supportive exchange of products among social businesses, as well as to savings and economic provisions. Resistance mechanisms include shutting down towns and conflicts within and between communities stemming from the reopening of tourism activity. Based on our practical experience acquired through accompanying 24 community-based tourism businesses to face the ongoing public-health crisis - and given the still incipient studies that adopt critical approaches within the community-based tourism practice itself-, the final section of this article presents a theoretical reflection to envision the likely post-pandemic reconfiguration that a “deep community-based tourism” could go through to differentiate it from the multiple attempts to co-opt and alienate this activity, in the light of force-ideas such as proximity and everyday tourism. © 2021 Instituto de Geografia. All rights reserved.
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COVID-19 has rarely been associated with immune-mediated phenomena such as autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). Both cold hemolysis with cold agglutinin detection and warm haemolysis have been described with variable prognoses. Current treatment regimens are based on experience with other case series and case reports, which still represent a clinical challenge. Corticosteroids, red cell transfusions and rituximab have been successfully employed. We present 3 cases of AIHA in the context of COVID-19 disease, the first case successfully treated with plasma exchange and long-term follow-up of the 3 cases showing complete remission of anaemia.
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Introduction: In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic impacting the mental wellbeing of the general public. Pharmacy students may experience greater stress during this pandemic due to interruptions in classes or rotations, concerns regarding personal/family health, and social isolation from peers. These changes may result in behavior shifts, difficulty concentrating, and increased use of negative coping strategies. The extent to which these factors affect overall student wellbeing during a pandemic is largely unknown. Research Question or Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess coping, resilience, personal characteristics, and emotional wellbeing among pharmacy students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of three pharmacy programs in California, Florida, and North Carolina, after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic via an online, anonymous 71-item questionnaire using REDCap software during May-July 2020. Methods: The Emotional Wellbeing in Healthcare Professions Students Questionnaire (EWB-Q) assessed coping, personal resilience, personal characteristics in pharmacy students and determined emotional wellbeing vis-à-vis these factors. Linear regression and descriptive statistics analyses were conducted using SPSS v.26. Results: Multiple linear regression indicated levels of coping strategies, personal resilience, and ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) explained a significant amount of the variance (approximately 30%) in emotional wellbeing scores of pharmacy students (N = 104). A significant regression equation was found, F(2,76) = 11.785, P < .000, R2 = .317, R2 adjusted = .291). No differences were noted between students in didactic coursework vs. rotations. Greater use of coping strategies, higher levels of resilience, and identifying as Hispanic were significant predictors of increased emotional wellbeing. Conclusion: Student mental health continues to be of importance, especially during crises and pandemics. Therefore, pharmacy programs should cultivate emotional wellbeing of their students. Campus-based initiatives may be needed to encourage healthy coping behaviors and bolster students' personal resilience to better prepare them for providing front-line patient care in the future.
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The pandemic caused by COVID-19, allowed to know at many levels, the situation of hospitals and its impact on the services they provide to the population. At the times with the highest rate of infections, health centers in most countries were brought to their maximum capacity, most of them collapsing and ceasing to attend to patients. Many health centers were dedicated only to treating patients infected by COVID-19. Lacking medical attention to the other specialties. In this environment, many of the symptomatic patients, such as asymptomatic ones, did not know if they had been infected, much less, did not know if they were infected, many of them were unable to detect certain symptoms so that they could request specialized medical attention. This work is dedicated to using low-cost devices as an evaluation and alert mechanism for possible symptoms caused by COVID-19, the methodology is based on the analysis of heart rhythm, blood pressure and oxygen saturation, the latter is the most important, because if the oxygen saturation begins to decrease, it is a symptom that the airways are being affected, which could be complicated if the oxygen saturation has a tendency to decrease, the variation of the rhythm can also be analyzed heart rate and blood pressure, but the predominant one is Oxygen Saturation. The results show that wearable devices in the form of a watch are widely used to control people's movements, the exercises they perform, the proposed methodology consists of a device that has the ability to evaluate these three biomedical variables, it is not necessarily a medical device with a high degree of sensitivity or accuracy. The usefulness of the device is to be able to carry out a quick analysis that helps people make a decision, the technique is not to measure oxygen saturation with a high degree of accuracy, the idea is to be able to measure if the saturation has a tendency to decrease. In the results we present the measurement of several people to verify the methodology. © 2020
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Sleep Apnea is one of the lesser-known pathologies that many people do not take into consideration when conducting a medical check-up, but it is one of the indicators of levels of fatigue, stress that are shown by lack of sleep, bad sleeping habits or other silent indicators such as problems breathing when sleeping, snoring among others. In these moments of confinement in our homes caused by COVID-19, where most of them cannot work, study or do other activities in person, certain levels of stress begin to emerge in both adults and children, these manifestations are shown in problems at bedtime. In the present work an analysis is carried out on the possible consequences of Sleep Apnea, as well as a methodology based on the use of Weareable Devices is presented, to be able to analyze how our way of sleeping is and thus be attentive to any changes in the demonstrations at bedtime. My methodology presents some previous steps for the configuration of the device, the acquisition of information when we are sleeping and the analysis of the results of the signals captured at the time of sleep, the analysis is very intuitive. In this way we can know if we are changing habits when sleeping. © 2020